Weaning is a necessary management practice in beef production but is often associated with stress for both cows and calves, particularly when done abruptly. This study compared the effects of two weaning methods—abrupt separation and fenceline weaning—on animal stress levels, weight gain, and behavior over a 14-day period. Behavioral data were collected using both visual observation and precision ear tag sensors to provide continuous, objective insights.
The research found that while both groups experienced stress, calves weaned through the fenceline method showed fewer signs of distress during the first three days post-separation. These calves spent more time resting and ruminating and engaged in less high-energy activity compared to abruptly weaned calves, which showed more pacing and agitation. After three days, stress responses in the fenceline group increased, indicating that the optimal duration for fenceline weaning is three days before full separation.
Cortisol levels and overall weight gain were similar between groups. However, fenceline cows gained less weight, possibly due to reduced feeding behavior while maintaining visual and physical proximity to their calves.
Conclusion:
Implementing a three-day fenceline weaning period before full separation can reduce behavioral indicators of stress in calves, offering a practical welfare improvement without negatively impacting performance.
Access the full research article:
👉 https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020272
