As the cattle cycle experiences an upturn, producers should take advantage of this period to implement cost-effective and efficient feeding strategies. Given that feed expenses account for up to 70% of an operation’s annual costs, optimizing feed utilization is essential to maintaining profitability. The majority of these costs are tied to base feedstuffs, such as pasture and stored forages. While grazed forages are generally more economical, stored forages remain a necessity to bridge nutritional gaps when pasture availability is limited.
For operations reliant on dry lot feeding, hay is commonly provided through ring feeders. While bunk feeding is the most effective method for minimizing waste, the upfront investment in a feed wagon and bunks can be prohibitive. As a result, many producers opt for ring feeders, which offer a more affordable alternative. However, studies comparing different hay feeder designs indicate significant differences in feed waste:
- Traditional Ring Feeders (constructed from steel or polyethylene) result in the highest waste levels, averaging around 20%.
- Ring Feeders with Steel Sheeting at the bottom reduce waste to approximately 13%, offering a more cost-effective solution over time despite their higher initial price.
- Cone and Basket Feeders, while the most expensive, are the most efficient, with waste levels as low as 2-5%.
Producers who feed hay for extended periods in a dry lot setting may benefit from investing in higher-quality feeders to minimize waste and improve cost savings over time.
Another effective strategy for reducing hay waste is restricting access to feeders. Research has demonstrated that limiting hay access to 5-12 hours per day can decrease waste with only a slight reduction in cow weight gain. While this method requires additional labor, it can be a viable option for operations where cow body condition is already adequate. However, producers should ensure that adequate feeder space is provided to allow all animals equal feeding opportunities.
In summary, selecting the right hay feeder and implementing strategic feeding practices can significantly impact overall feed efficiency. Higher-cost feeder options often result in long-term savings by reducing waste, and time-controlled feeding can further optimize resource use. Producers should evaluate their current feeding systems to identify potential efficiencies that can enhance profitability and sustainability in their operations.
