Managing pests is a vital part of protecting herd health and productivity on beef farms across the U.S. and Canada. Whether it’s rodents, insects, wild birds, or parasites, pests can spread disease, contaminate feed and water, and stress animals—ultimately impacting performance and profitability. A strong, region-specific pest control plan can help reduce these risks and support long-term success.
Why Pest Control Is Important
Pests don’t just cause irritation—they can carry and spread harmful pathogens, some of which can infect both animals and humans. They can lower weight gain, damage tissue, reduce carcass value, and increase veterinary costs. Preventing the introduction and spread of these diseases is a key part of any farm’s biosecurity strategy.
Know Your Local Pest Risks
Every region has its own pest threats. For example, the Asian Longhorned Tick, now found in parts of the U.S. and Canada, can carry Theileria orientalis Ikeda, a parasite that causes illness similar to anaplasmosis. Early signs like weakness or pale mucous membranes should be followed up with diagnostic testing.
Another example is the New World Screwworm, which has appeared in Central America. Its larvae infest open wounds, causing severe tissue damage. Though not currently found in North America, awareness and early reporting are essential to prevent its spread if it appears.
Key Pest Prevention Tips
Beef producers can take a range of steps to keep pests away from their cattle, feed, and water sources:
-
Limit access: Use secure fencing to keep out wildlife and unfamiliar animals.
-
Protect feed and water: Store feed in sealed containers and prevent birds or rodents from reaching feed bunks or water troughs.
-
Discourage nesting: Remove brush, clutter, and debris near barns and feeding areas. Be mindful that certain birds or wildlife species may be protected by law.
-
Manage pets and working animals: Dogs, cats, and livestock guardians should not roam between farms unless cleaned and checked for pests first.
-
Handle waste properly: Use protective gear when handling sick or dead animals. Follow local rules for carcass disposal.
-
Check for parasites: Regularly inspect livestock for ticks, lice, or mites. Report unusual parasites or large infestations to local or provincial animal health officials.
-
Reduce pest habitats: Mow grass, remove weeds, and maintain a clear zone between pastures and wooded areas.
-
Track your efforts: Keep records of bait use, trap placement, and grass or brush control to ensure compliance with local regulations.
Managing Internal and External Parasites
Parasite control includes sprays, ear tags, pour-ons, and environmental changes. Always test new animals before adding them to the herd, and consider fecal testing to determine the need for dewormers. Overusing parasite treatments can lead to resistance, making them less effective over time.
Work with your veterinarian to create a treatment plan based on actual needs—not just routine use. Rotating products and improving environmental conditions are key parts of effective parasite management.
Tailor Your Pest Control Plan
Each operation is different, and pest risks can vary based on geography, climate, and facility layout. Collaborate with veterinarians, extension agents, entomologists, or wildlife experts to develop a plan that fits your farm.
The USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has a helpful resource with tips on managing wildlife to prevent disease. While it focuses on poultry, the advice—like removing standing water, covering waste, and securing buildings—applies to all livestock farms. View the guide here.
Final Takeaway
Good pest control is more than just convenience—it’s essential to biosecurity, herd health, and farm performance. By identifying local risks, staying alert to seasonal changes, and using a mix of prevention tools, beef producers can protect their animals and strengthen their bottom line.
